I very, VERY recently crossed the threshold into being able to do elite TFOs.
Considering I started playing when you needed to worry about how much crew you have on your ship during a fight, I may have progressed slowly. The secret sauce was to make a science toon and spend some lobi from a previous event chain on a Hur'q Assembly, and go torp/sci.
As far as the wiki thing, yeah, that's basically how I "got gud", plus asking questions in ESD. I'd do random dives into the wiki, go annoy ESD chat, rinse, repeat. I am now apparently Zoey Squirrel's nemesis
Got to say, though, STO's community is generous, they gifted me some pretty pricey gear (holy crap, a conductive RCS with ResAll is a LOT of EC), and the advice ends up being pretty damn useful as well.
This game needs a fitting tool similar to some of Eve's third-party external fitting tools. Something where you can plug stuff in and see how the math actually works out.
I mean just figuring out what "stack 1" vs "stack 2" damage bonuses are can be a pain. The word "bonus" means stack 2, and the only other stack 2 is criticals. Each stack is additive, and then the 2 stacks multiply 1 by 2. So if you have a +40% plasma energy weapon module, that's stack 1. +all damage, also stack 1. However, something like the Dragonsblood flame reactor from last summer's event that says "bonus" damage? That's stack 2. So if you use disruptors with disruptor vulnerability locators, and the dragon mod, you get some fun math
Unfortunately, what made EFT and others work was access to game data. I'm not sure that STO will ever open up that way. but, if you fark around a lot and get a parser (which reads your mission data and tells you who did how much damage, and with what) you can figure it out.
Unlike most pubbies, Arsians tend to be fairly intelligent
It's also worth noting that sometimes you actually want to make non-optimal choices. For instance, the Gamma reputation warp core gives
spectacular bonuses to map travel. Like base warp speeds in the mid-20s and slipstream of 48, and also major transwarp cooldown bonuses. If you're sciency, you pair it with a Gamma deflector that gives science BOFF cooldown reduction (but only when you upgrade it, so you'll never know unless you wiki the thing) and get a set bonus that boosts speed and turn for everyone in group when you're doing group content like TFOs.
I finally got confident enough in the mechanics to try a DEW/SCI build without spending a buttload of money. We'll see how that goes, but so far, so good. Rumor has it they're expensive, but it's doing ok, so far...
EDIT:
It's worth noting that some of the VERY recent content has some really good traits. For instance, Inertial Supremacy from the new escort. If you happened to do a KDF toon on the very recent event, you can combine IS with Withering Barrage from the ship they give you for free, which makes Cannon scatter volley last 14 seconds. Shared cooldown on CSV is 15 seconds, so you can effectively perma-run a multi-target armor debuff on multiple targets. This also works with Fire At Will (who's Will?) and Torpedo Spread. But, CSV is the easiest to perma-run.
Even my pure science toon runs it, using omnis in the aft slots to spread the good word. Grav well, FAW, let everyone get together, then drop the DPS hammer on a festival of debuffed victims. Did I mention I like to add attack pattern Beta?
